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Older adults

Falls and balance.

Falls are common as we get older, but they are not a normal part of ageing, and many can be prevented. A fall can lead to a broken hip, loss of confidence and less independence. At Rehabify in Bengaluru, Dr. Dharshan N A, whose MD research looked at balance, finds out why you are unsteady and plans exercise, aids and home changes to lower your risk of falling.

On this page
  1. Common causes
  2. Who should see a doctor
  3. What happens at Rehabify
  4. Before and after your visit
  5. When to get help urgently
  6. Common questions
  7. Sources

Common causes

  • Weak leg muscles and poor balance, often after illness or long rest
  • Medicines, especially sleeping tablets, some blood pressure tablets and many medicines taken together
  • Dizziness from blood pressure dropping on standing, or inner ear problems
  • Eyesight, foot pain and poor footwear
  • Conditions such as Parkinson's disease, stroke, neuropathy, arthritis and memory problems
  • Home hazards, such as loose mats, poor lighting, wet bathroom floors and stairs without rails

Who should see a doctor

Signs to get checked

  • Anyone who has fallen in the last year
  • Feeling unsteady when walking or turning
  • Fear of falling that stops you going out
  • Needing to hold furniture or walls to move around the house

What happens at Rehabify

  1. 01

    History

    Falls, near falls, dizziness, medicines, eyesight, health conditions and home set-up.

  2. 02

    Examination

    Blood pressure lying and standing, strength, joints, feet, sensation, and balance and walking tests such as getting up from a chair and walking.

  3. 03

    Your plan

    A strength and balance programme, the right walking aid, footwear advice, and a medicine review with your prescribing doctor.

  4. 04

    Home safety

    A checklist for your home, and family training where helpful.

  5. 05

    Rehab

    Exercise with a physiotherapist and at home, built up step by step.

The doctor decides the right tests and treatment for you after examining you.

Before and after your visit

How to prepare

  • Bring all your medicines in a bag, or a full list
  • Bring your walking stick or walker and wear your usual shoes
  • Note when and how any falls happened
  • Bring a family member if you can

After your visit

You leave with a written plan, home exercises and a review date. You or your family can send questions on WhatsApp between visits.

When to get help urgently

Medical emergency

Call 108 or 112 or go to an emergency department after a fall if there is a head injury and the person takes blood thinners, severe pain or a leg that looks shortened or turned, inability to stand, confusion, or sudden weakness, numbness or slurred speech.

Common questions

Are falls just part of getting old?

No. Many falls have causes that can be found and changed, such as weak muscles, medicines or home hazards.

What exercise helps prevent falls?

Exercise that challenges balance and builds leg strength, done regularly over months. Tai chi and supervised home programmes are good examples. The doctor will pick what is safe for you.

I am afraid of falling, so I stay at home. Is that safer?

Usually not. Moving less makes muscles weaker and raises the risk of falling. A guided programme helps build confidence safely.

What should I do if I fall at home?

Stay calm, check for pain, and get up slowly only if you can, using a sturdy chair. If you cannot get up, call for help and keep warm. The doctor can teach you and your family how to get up safely.

Do I need a walker?

Not always. The doctor checks your balance and walking and advises if a cane or walker would make you safer, and sets the right height.

Sources

  1. [1]

    World Guidelines for Falls Prevention and Management for Older Adults. 2022 (Age and Ageing)

  2. [2]

    National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline CG161. Falls in older people: assessing risk and prevention

  3. [3]

    World Health Organization (WHO). Step Safely: strategies for preventing and managing falls across the life-course, 2021

This page is for general education and does not replace a consultation. The right plan depends on your examination.

Book a consultation

Tell us where it hurts. We plan the way back.

Start with one consultation. Choose a clinic visit or a video consult, and the team confirms your time by phone or WhatsApp.

Prefer to call? +91 79048 42576

  1. 1

    You send a request

    Online, on WhatsApp or by phone.

  2. 2

    We confirm a time

    By phone or WhatsApp, for the clinic or a video consult.

  3. 3

    You meet your doctor

    Bring your reports and wear loose clothes.